ASX-listed Firebird Metals has commenced testing lithium manganese iron phosphate (LMFP) cathode active material (CAM) in collaboration with Central South University (CSU) of Hunan, following the signing of a strategic agreement in October.

As part of the test programme, Firebird and CSU have completed five batches of LMFP CAM using manganese sulphate in solution, which was processed into button batteries for analysis and performance evaluation. The industry-standard testing method involves using button-sized batteries to assess charge/discharge cycles and degradation, with successful results paving the way for larger-scale pouch battery testing.

The full programme aims to test 100 batches, with each batch converted into button batteries for comprehensive assessment. The results will be critical in providing key insights to potential cell manufacturing clients, optimising battery performance.

CSU has a well-established reputation in battery materials research, with faculty members who are global experts in the lithium-ion battery supply chain. Notably, its alumni include the founders of leading battery manufacturers BYD and Rongbay Technology.

The partnership positions Firebird to play a significant role in the lithium-ion battery market, where demand for cost-effective and high-performance energy storage solutions is increasing. Firebird’s long-term strategy is to develop a low-cost, manganese-based cathode material business by leveraging its technology, location in China, and expertise.

Firebird’s approach to LMFP cathode production eliminates the need for crystallising and re-dissolving manganese sulphate (MnSO₄), a process that is energy-intensive and costly. This efficiency results in an estimated 32% reduction in manganese sulphate operating costs, equating to a saving of about $167/t.

Further, the company anticipates further cost benefits from reduced grinding at the precursor cathode active material (pCAM) stage. CSU is using both in-house and third-party laboratories to conduct performance testing of the LMFP button batteries.

Firebird’s technology is designed for seamless transferability outside of China, further strengthening its position as a global leader in LMFP cathode production.

NEXT STEPS

Data from the ongoing testwork will inform a scoping study on LMFP production. Firebird plans to evaluate the potential expansion of its pilot plant to produce about one metric tonne per day of LMFP.

CSU’s research team has already established a solid foundation in LMFP production, and continued lab testing with Firebird’s Chinese technical team will refine the process to differentiate it from conventional methods. To protect its intellectual property, Firebird intends to file patents both domestically and internationally.